RESEARCH PAPERS
2023
Adoption of AI in the Banking Industry: A Case Study on Indian Banks
Authors: Subhajit Pahari, Aruna Polisetty, Soma Sharma, Rimjhim Jha, Debarun Chakraborty.
Journal: Indian Journal of Marketing
Publication date: 03 March 2023
Publisher: Associated Management Consultants Pvt. Ltd.
URL: Access Paper
Abstract
The Indian banking sector has been at the forefront of accepting innovative technologies and has been changing over time. Indian banks are utilizing AI-powered technologies to automate labor-intensive operations, reduce operational costs, and increase revenue growth potential. Already, machines handle a large portion of mundane tasks. In order to increase security and transparency in payment fraud detection and prevention systems, financial institutions are also utilizing artificial intelligence (AI). But in recent days, Indian banks are facing huge issues with regard to AI adoption and implementation, which needs further investigation. The present work is a case study considering two leading private banks in India. The study revealed the critical driving force of AI maturity and the key concern areas that need to be adequately addressed to ensure long-term success regarding AI adoption in the Indian banking sector.
2016
5,7-dihydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl)-chromen-4-one-a flavone from Bruguiera gymnorrhiza displaying anti-inflammatory properties.
Authors: Barik. R, Biswas. P, Soma Sharma, Sarkar. R, Kamarkar. S, Bera. R, Nath. S, Sen. T.
Journal: Indian Journal of Pharmacology.
Publication date: May- June 2016
Publisher: WOLTERS KLUWER MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS
URL: Access Paper
Abstract
Bruguiera gymnorrhiza (BRG) (L.) Lamk (Rhizophoraceae), a mangrove species, is widely distributed in the Pacific region, eastern Africa, Indian subcontinent, and subtropical Australia. The leaves of this plant are traditionally used for treating burns and inflammatory lesions. This study isolates the bioactive compound from the methanol extract of BRG leaves and evaluates the possible mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activity involved.
2015
Controlling the Microstructure of Reverse Micelles and Their Templating Effect on Shaping Nanostructures
Authors: Yadav, N, Chowdhury, PK, Soma Sharma, Ganguly, AK.
Journal: Journal Of Physical B
Publication date: Aug 2015
Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC
URL: Access Paper
Abstract
Reverse micelles as nanoreactors have been most successful in designing nanostructures of different sizes and shapes. Nevertheless, important questions regarding the explicit roles of intrinsic parameters in modifying soft colloid templates which eventually give rise to variety of nanostructures are still unresolved. In this paper, we have focused on this challenging aspect of microemulsion based synthesis of nanostructures, i.e., how the tunable parameters like water to surfactant molar ratio, solvent properties, and surfactant structure modify the microstructure (size/shape) of reverse micelles.
2014
Spherical-to-Cylindrical Transformation of Reverse Micelles and Their Templating Effect on the Growth of Nanostructures.
Authors: Ganguly AK, Soma Sharma.
Journal: Journal Of Physical B
Publication date: 17 April 2014
Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC
URL: Access Paper
Abstract
We discuss a complete mechanistic study on the anisotropic growth of zinc oxalate nanostructures within reverse micelles. We have employed small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to understand the detailed growth of the nanostructures. We have been able to observe the generation of nuclei and their aggregation to a critical size beyond which they form nanostructures of higher dimensions in self-assembled templates. One of our aims was to find a correlation between size and shape of microemulsion droplets (MDs) and that of the resulting nanostructures of zinc oxalate (ZO) which grow within the MDs. Combination of SAXS and DLS show in situ growth of nanoparticles in the individual droplets which consume the water-insoluble product formed and undergo exchange coalescence with other droplets. The structural transition of the MDs is captured by observing the change in shape anisotropy, together with a detailed structural analysis of micelles in which the nanostructures grow as a function of time. Importantly, once the reaction is triggered, the nucleation of the droplets start instantly, and a very short period is noticed where MDs become cylindrical with approximate aspect ratio of 4:1 in which nanostructures grow anisotropically and achieve an average critical size of 55 nm (elongated nanoparticles) signifying the existence of short nucleation-dominant particle growth period, beyond which a transition from elongated nanostructures to small rods is observed. The critical size for the elongated droplets is 80 nm in length and 18 nm in diameter, and these critical dimensions at the point of transition are a new finding about an asymmetric particle before the rods begin to start self-assembling. Once the shape of microemulsions turns cylindrical, the dynamical exchange with other microemulsions is very fast at both ends, resulting in the formation of nanorods of zinc oxalate and an increase in the aspect ratio of these rods. This growth process can be viewed as a morphologically templated nucleation process, and the droplets act as shaping vesicles for the formation of ZO nanorods. This study is significant since it attempts to correlate the size and shape of the reverse micellar (microemulsion) droplets with the newborn product nanoparticles inside the droplets and the subsequent growth of the nanoparticles within the droplets.
2012
Understanding Growth Kinetics of Nanorods in Microemulsion: A Combined Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy, Dynamic Light Scattering, and Electron Microscopy Study.
Authors: Ganguly, AK, Soma Sharma, Chowdhury, PK, Sen, S, Pal, N.
Journal: JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
Publication date: 5 Dec 2012
Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC
URL: Access Paper
Abstract
Even though nanostructures of various shapes and sizes can be controlled by microemulsions, there is substantial difficulty in understanding their growth mechanism. The evolution of nanostructures from the time of mixing of reactants to their final stage is a heterogeneous process involving a variety of intermediates. To obtain a deeper insight into these kinetic steps, we studied the slow growth kinetics (extending over eight days) of iron oxalate nanorods inside the polar core of water-in-oil microemulsion droplets made of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide/1-butanol/isooctane. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been employed to monitor the nanostructure growth at (near) the single droplet level and in an ensemble. Analyzing FCS data with suitable kinetic model we obtain transient dimer lifetime (28 mu s) and the droplet fusion rates (and fusion tendency) on each day as the reaction proceeds. The droplet fusion rate is found to directly control the nanorod growth in microemulsion solution and attains its maximum value (3.55 X 10(4) s(-1)) on day 6, when long nanorods are found in TEM data, implying that more and more reactants are fed into the growing system at this stage. Combining FCS, DLS, and TEM results, we find three distinct periods in the entire growth process: a long nucleation-dominant nanoparticle growth period which forms nanoparticles of critical (average) size of similar to 53 nm, followed by a short period where isotropic nanoparticles switch to anisotropic growth to form nanorods, and finally elongation of nanorods and growth (and shrinking) of nanoparticles.
Design of Anisotropic Co3O4 Nanostructures: Control of Particle Size, Assembly, and Aspect Ratio.
Authors: Ganguly, AK, Soma Sharma, Garg, N, Ramanujachary, KV, Lofland, SE.
Journal: CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
Publication date: 01 Aug 2012
Publisher: AMER CHEMICAL SOC
URL: Access Paper
Abstract
Alignment of Co3O4 nanoparticles to yield a range of anisotropic nanostructures with a controlled aspect ratio (1:5 to 1:13) was possible from a single nanostructured precursor (cobalt oxalate) that was obtained by a microemulsion method under controlled kinetic parameters and the temperature of decomposition. The role of the cationic surfactant is critical for obtaining the anisotropic nanostructures of Co3O4 comprising an assembly of Co3O4 nanoparticles (diameter 5-50 nm). The shape (from spherical to highly elongated) and size of individual nanoparticles could be varied by the temperature of decomposition. Higher temperature led to elongated and larger particles. All of the nanorods showed antiferromagnetic behavior with a decrease in Neel temperature (T-N) with decrease in the average size of the individual oxide nanoparticles. The variation of TN with the particle diameter follows the finite-size scaling relation. These nanostructures were found to be excellent electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), with a high current density of 104 mA/cm(2).
2011
Controlling the size and morphology of anisotropic nanostructures of nickel borate using microemulsions and their magnetic properties
Authors: Ganguly, AK, Soma Sharma, Menaka, Ramanujachary, KV, Lofland, SE.
Journal: JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE.
Publication date: 15 Aug 2011
Publisher: ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
URL: Access Paper
Abstract
Anisotropic nanostructures of nickel borate with controlled size and morphology have been synthesized by a precursor-mediated route. The nickel boron precursor has been synthesized using microemulsions using Tergitol as a surfactant. Microemulsions with various co-surfactants (1-butanol, 1-hexanol and 1-octanol) have been used to obtain uniform nanorods (dia 3-5 nm, length 25 nm) and nanospindles (dia 30 nm, length 400 nm). A higher chain length of the co-surfactant (octanol) leads to more uniform rods rather than spindles (butanol). These nanorods show antiferromagnetic behavior with the Neel temperature ranging from 44 to 47 K. Though there is no marked variation in Neel temperature, the magnetic moment increases drastically with the anisotropy of nanorods (thinner rods). (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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